Family-centered models and benefits of a multidisciplinary approach in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56294/neuro2024130Keywords:
Autism Spectrum Disorder, motor skills, early intervention, inclusion, familyAbstract
The study addressed Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) as a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent deficits in social communication, repetitive behavior patterns, and clinical variability in symptom expression. It was reported that the global prevalence ranged from 0.7% to 1% in the child population, with rising figures in countries such as the United States and 1.96% in Chile, positioning ASD as a public health problem with educational and health implications. Likewise, the coexistence of frequent comorbidities was analyzed, highlighting motor alterations such as hypotonia, motor clumsiness, coordination difficulties, and delayed developmental milestones, which were recognized as early markers of the disorder. It was explained that these alterations affected language and cognitive development, generating a cascade effect that limited social interaction and functional autonomy. Various studies reviewed showed that intervention programs based on structured physical activity, physical therapy, and motor stimulation offered significant improvements in coordination, balance, postural control, and social inclusion. In addition, innovative approaches such as creative yoga, video games with motion sensors, and virtual reality were highlighted, which expanded therapeutic possibilities. Finally, the importance of a multidisciplinary approach with a family-centered focus was highlighted, in which parents and caregivers actively participated in the continuity of treatment. This model strengthened adherence, promoted family empowerment, and optimized the quality of life of children with ASD.
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